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Essays and addresses

He had a local Court and one Aldred, son of Ralph, brought him a writ of the King and two of the Archbishop of Canterbury as he says himself, " ipse ut simplex," he like a fool, took off the seals And when a Sheriff made a return, " sed non per breve sigilla- tum " but not by writ under seal, as did the Sheriff of Somerset in Trinity Term, 2 John, (1,200), he knew about it.

It was not at all uncommon to deny a seal in which case the parties generally put themselves upon witnesses; but not always, or exclusively.

In an Essex case in Hilary Term, 10 Richard I, (1199), William, son of Randolph, being vouched to warranty in respect to certain land in Middleton held by Baldwin Gilbert, son of Ailnoth, being the voucher came and said that the alleged grant was not his deed, " et inde ponit se super plures testes vocatas in carta et super alias cartas quas ipse fecit tam Christianis quam Judeis; et Gilevertus ofTert probare quod cartam illam ei fecit per quendam filium suum Walterum, qui hoc ofTert probare per corpus suum et per alios si quid mali de eo accident; Willelmus ciefendere hoc ofTert per quen- dam.

Consideratum est.

Quod sciatur per testes nominates in carta et per cartas Willelmi aliis ab eo factas si ipse cartam illam fecit nee ne " and therein he puts himself upon the several witnesses men- tioned in the grant and upon other grants uhich he had made to Christians as well as to Jews: and Gilbert offers to prove that he did make this grant to him by a certain Walter, his son, who offers to prove this by his body 10 and by others if any ill happen to him : Wil- liam offers to defend this by a certain person.